全国2014年4月高等教育自学考试

外刊经贸知识选读试题
课程代码：00096
 
一、Choose one answer that best explains the underlined part of the following sentences.（本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分）
1. Our leading export markets within the European Community are Germany and the United Kingdom.
A. new                                                           B. weak
C. strong                                                        D. major
2. Assembly manufacturing can be eligible for exemption from customs duties and taxation.
A. powerful                                                    B. forever
C. able                                                           D. legal
3. A uniform income-tax rate is applied for every factory or business established in the SEZs.
A. sheet                                                          B. full
C. same                                                          D. favorable
4. China has the most dynamic economy in the world today.
A. important                                                   B. powerful
C. active                                                         D. special
5. The northeast used to be a moribund center of state industry in China.
A. developed                                                  B. new
C. unusual                                                      D. lifeless
6. The volume of merchandise exports of developing countries declined by 2% last year.
A. service                                                       B. commodity
C. technology                                                 D. trade
7. The underpinnings of Mr. Kantor’s decision were plainly found in Mr. Klinton’s trade speech.
A. contents                                                     B. support
C. basement                                                    D. advantage
8. The single market made its debut just as Europe traversed one of its roughest economic storm in year.
A. final performance                                       B. best show
C. first appearance                                           D. previous idea
9. China’s average tariff level has dropped to 9. 9 percent in 2005 as the country is earnestly fulfilling its commitments to the WTO.
A. tax                                                            B. target
C. output                                                        D. salary
10. Fearful that it will lose its edge, Japan has fought to prevent the Korean from using its technologies.
A. power                                                        B. strength
C. influence                                                    D. advantage
11. The oil price increases sent global economy into deep recession.
A. prosperity                                                  B. improvement C. dissatisfaction  D. decline
12. Disputes over farm trade have bedeviled the current round of GATT talks.
A. pushed                                                       B. supported
C. troubled                                                     D. settled
13. Another government firm took title to the vehicles and sold them to a local distributor.
A. subject                                                       B. ownership
C. certificate                                                   D. sample
14. The U. S. recently announced an export enhancement program to facilitate its sale of eggs to HK.
A. increase                                                     B. cause inconvenience
C. make easy                                                  D. trouble
15. According to trade sources, futures activity of rubber remains at a virtualstandstill.
A. prosperity                                                  B. stagnation
C. progressive                                                 D. unstable 

二、Put the following phases into English（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
16. 国际收支
17. 证券及房地产市场
18. 反通货膨胀政策
19. 贸易顺差
20. 推销商品
21. 双重税
22. 对等贸易
23. 贴现率
24. 自由贸易区
25. 国际清算银行

三、Put the following phases into Chinese（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
26. franchise
27. managed trade
28. joint venture
29. the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
30. manufactured goods
31. registered capital
32. stock exchange
33. government procurement
34. infrastructure
35. insolvency

四、Read the following passages and answer the questions in English（本大题共6小题，每小题3分，共18分）

Passage 1
    China’s cautious approach to foreign borrowing is to be maintained, at least for the time being. The debt problems confronting a number of developing countries have reinforced China’s determination to introduce foreign technology by means of direct investment and concessionary finance rather than by raising substantial sums of money on the international capital markets. Foreign investment is advantageous insofar as it facilitates the transfer of technology and skills and avoids creating an overhang of debt. The authorities do not consider it appropriate to incur large amounts of external debt until a number of practical bottlenecks in the economy, such as an inadequate transport network and energy constraints, have been tackle      D. China’s access to substantial sums of money from the World Bank also reduces the need to borrow on commercial terms.
36. Why did China refuse to borrow more until her transport capacity and energy supply have further increased?
37. What does “borrow on commercial terms” imply here?
38. Why does China prefer loans from the World Bank?

Passage 2
    Major investment is going into the Dubai-based Emirates airline, which added four new destinations last summer—Rome, Zurich, Paris and Jakarta—and on 14 April started operations to Dhahran, its 31^st destination. Emirates now employs almost 3,500 staff, making it one of Dubai’s largest employers.
    Soon, $2,000 million in financing will have to be arranged for the next phase of development, which will cover deliveries from 1996 to 2000. Firm orders have been placed for seven Boeing 777s with Rolls Royce engines and there is an option on a further seven.
39. What is meant by “Dubai-based”?
40. What does the underlined word “Emirates” stand for here?
41. What does “which” represent in the second paragraph?
 
五、Read the following passages and decide whether the statements are true or false （本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）

Passage 1
    By 1991 the level of foreign indebtedness has drastically altered the role that many developing countries play in the world trading system. Imports had been severely cut back and there was evidence of a scramble to export additional products, such as timber(木材), at heavy cost to the environment. Debt had emerged as the biggest single obstacle to development, with about 50 developing countries carrying a severe debt burden, over half of them in Africa.
    At the end of 1990, developing countries owed $1,280 billion to Western countries, international aid agencies, the IMF, and banks. Their yearly earnings from international trade were under $1,000 billion; the overall debt of developing countries was therefore more than the value of their exports. To service that debt—to pay interest and repay part of the capital—cost developing countries $143. 5 billion in 1990. They received $85 billion in aid and investment from abroad, thus paying richer countries nearly $60 billion more than they receive                                                    D. New aids and investment was wiped out by past debt. In 1991, according to OCED figures, the severely indebted low-income countries paid a higher proportion of their export revenue on debt service than at any time during the 1980s—31. 3% of such revenues, compared with 23. 8% in the 1980s.
42. Developing countries export timber in order to pay the debt.
43. In some developing countries half of the export revenue is used to service the debt.
44. Debt problems are especially severe in Africa.
45. Heavy debt burden has greatly blocked economy growth of the developing countries.
46. The passage mainly tells about the ways to help developing countries repay their debts without affecting their economy.

Passage 2
    America’s trade deficit has rocketed to a record high, provoking squeals from companies and politicians alike. There is even talk among officials of reviving the unilateral battering ram(杀手锏) known as “Super 301”, the cause of much trade friction in the past. Since protectionism is on the up even in an American boom, the rest of the world could be in for a mauling(伤害) when that economy eventually slows. Other countries are also becoming more protectionist. Following the American lead, European and Canadian steel makers have launched a barrage of “anti-dumping” cases against imports they deem too cheap. Anti-dumping suits are also proliferating in Asia and Latin America. Brazil, Russia and China have all recently tightened their import controls.
    What can be done to limit the damage? For a start, rather than undermining the WTO, America and Europe should collaborate to improve its working. They should also keep their markets open to imports. Do not look on this as an act of charity. True, trade world help drag Asia and Latin America out of dumps, but the biggest beneficiaries would be American and European consumers—and, loath(勉强的) though the unions are to believe it, jobs on both continents，To argue this takes political backbone, which has been lacking in America and Europe of late. All the more reason for America and Europe to support a new round of trade-liberalization talks at the WTO.
47. America’s deficit has been controlled to a record low.
48. Protectionist has been increasing not only in the United States but also in other countries.
49. Freer trade requires both political and business support.
50. According to the author, the biggest beneficiaries would be consumers in the United States.
51. America usually adopts protectionism only when its economy slows.

六、Translate the following passage into Chinese（本大题12分）
52. In matters relating to the environment, the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, held in June 1992 in Rio de Janeiro, produced an “Earth Charter,” or declaration of basic principles for the conduct of nations and peoples with respect to environment and development; agreements on special legal measures, including conventions on climate change and biodiversity, and principles for a framework agreement on forests; and an agenda for action, establishing the environmental work program agreed by the international community for the period beyond 1992 and into the 21th century.